Meningitis (Viral/Aseptic)

Clear→ stable

Neurological

Current NYS Status

179 cases in 2024 — near the 5-year baseline of ~520.

2024 statewide cases: 179

Source: NYSDOH Annual Communicable Disease Report 2024 + 5-yr baseline

What is it?

Aseptic (viral) meningitis is inflammation of the meninges (the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord) caused by viruses rather than bacteria. Enteroviruses cause most cases and are common in summer and early fall. NYS had 179 cases in 2024 (NYS excluding NYC). While usually less severe than bacterial meningitis, viral meningitis can cause significant illness and requires medical evaluation to rule out the more dangerous bacterial form.

How it spreads

Enteroviruses spread through the fecal-oral route and respiratory droplets. Herpes simplex virus, mumps, and arboviruses also cause viral meningitis. Not all cases are directly contagious.

Symptoms

Sudden onset of headache (often severe), fever, and stiff neck — the classic meningitis triad. Sensitivity to light (photophobia), nausea, vomiting, and fatigue are common. Symptoms usually improve within 7–10 days in healthy individuals.

Who is at risk?

Children are most commonly affected. Immunocompromised individuals may have more severe or prolonged illness. Anyone is susceptible during an enterovirus season.

What you can do

⚕️Seek medical evaluation for any sudden severe headache with fever and stiff neck — bacterial meningitis must be ruled out

🛡Wash hands frequently during enterovirus season to reduce exposure to common viral causes

⚕️Stay well hydrated and rest during illness; most viral meningitis resolves with supportive care

Tier B — Annual report tracking

Based on NYSDOH annual communicable disease report. Threat level reflects 2024 case counts compared to the 5-year baseline.

Seasonality: summer

This information is for general public health awareness and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.