Acute Flaccid Myelitis

Clear→ stable

Neurological

Current NYS Status

4 cases in 2024 (baseline: ~1). Low absolute count.

2024 statewide cases: 4

Source: NYSDOH Annual Communicable Disease Report 2024 + 5-yr baseline

What is it?

Acute Flaccid Myelitis (AFM) is a rare but serious condition that affects the spinal cord, causing sudden weakness or paralysis in one or more limbs. NYS had 4 cases in 2024. AFM is strongly associated with enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) and biennial peaks are seen. The condition is distinct from polio but can resemble it clinically. Many patients are left with persistent weakness.

How it spreads

The associated enteroviruses spread through respiratory droplets and the fecal-oral route. AFM itself is a rare complication of enterovirus infection — most people infected with the associated viruses do not develop AFM.

Symptoms

Sudden onset of weakness or floppiness in one or more limbs (arm or leg), usually in a child who had a recent respiratory illness. Other symptoms may include facial droop, difficulty swallowing or speaking, eye movement problems, and drooping eyelids.

Who is at risk?

Children under 18 are most commonly affected. Most cases occur in previously healthy children with no underlying health conditions.

What you can do

⚕️Seek emergency care immediately for any sudden arm or leg weakness in a child, especially following a recent respiratory illness

🛡Wash hands frequently to reduce exposure to enteroviruses

⚕️Rehabilitation with physical and occupational therapy is important for recovery — start as soon as possible

Tier B — Annual report tracking

Based on NYSDOH annual communicable disease report. Threat level reflects 2024 case counts compared to the 5-year baseline.

Seasonality: summer

This information is for general public health awareness and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.